- Octagon (8 sides), red
- STOP sign — always come to a full stop.
- Downward-pointing triangle, red & white
- YIELD — give the right-of-way to traffic and pedestrians before entering.
- Yellow diamond sign
- A general warning of a condition or hazard ahead (curve, hill, merge).
- Orange diamond or rectangular sign
- Construction or maintenance work zone ahead — slow down and watch for workers.
- Fluorescent yellow-green diamond sign
- Pedestrian, school, or bicycle crossing.
- Pentagon (5-sided) sign
- A school zone or school crossing.
- Pennant-shaped (sideways triangle) yellow sign on the left
- The start of a no-passing zone.
- White rectangular sign
- A regulatory sign — it tells you what you must or must not do (speed limit, one way, lane use).
- Red sign or red signal color
- Stop or prohibition.
- Green sign color
- Guide signs — directions, distances, and route information.
- Blue sign color
- Motorist services such as gas, food, lodging, and rest areas.
- Brown sign color
- Recreational and cultural points of interest such as parks and historic sites.
- Steady red traffic light
- Stop and stay stopped until the light turns green; a right turn on red is allowed after stopping unless a sign prohibits it.
- Steady yellow traffic light
- The signal is about to turn red — stop if you can do so safely.
- Flashing red traffic signal
- Treat it like a STOP sign: come to a full stop, yield, then proceed when safe.
- Flashing yellow traffic signal
- Caution — slow down and proceed carefully through the intersection.
- Steady red arrow
- Stop; do not turn in the arrow's direction until it turns green.
- Green arrow signal
- A protected movement in the arrow's direction; conflicting traffic is being held by a red signal.
- Completely dark (power-out) traffic signal
- Treat the intersection as an all-way stop — every direction stops and takes turns.
- Solid yellow line on your side of the center
- No passing — do not cross it to pass.
- Broken (dashed) yellow center line
- Passing is allowed when it is safe.
- Double solid yellow center lines
- Passing is prohibited in both directions.
- Solid white line between lanes
- Lane changing is discouraged — stay in your lane.
- Broken (dashed) white lane line
- Lane changes are permitted when it is safe.
- Yellow lines vs. white lines
- Yellow separates traffic moving in opposite directions; white separates traffic moving the same direction.
- Yellow diagonal stripes / gore area
- A painted buffer between lanes — do not drive on or cross it.
- Solid white edge line on the right
- Marks the right boundary of the roadway available for normal travel.
- 'RXR' and a large white X painted on the road
- A railroad crossing is ahead.
- Crossbuck (white X-shaped railroad sign)
- Yield to any train — it has the same meaning as a yield sign.
- Flashing red lights and lowered gates at a railroad crossing
- Stop and wait until the gates rise and the lights stop flashing.
- Interstate route shield colors
- Red, white, and blue.
- U.S. route marker vs. Interstate marker
- A U.S. route marker is black and white; an Interstate marker is red, white, and blue.
- Mileposts (e.g., 'MILE 142')
- Show distance along a highway and help locate your position in an emergency.
- 'EXIT ONLY' on a green guide sign
- The lane beneath it leaves the freeway and does not continue as a through lane.
- Electronic arrow board in a work zone
- Merge in the direction the arrows point because the lane ahead is closed.
- Orange cones and orange-and-white barrels
- Guide traffic and mark areas that drivers must not enter.
- Worker holding a 'STOP/SLOW' paddle
- Obey the flagger — a flagger's directions override signs and signals in a work zone.
- Rumble strips / raised pavement markers
- Create noise and vibration to alert a driver drifting out of the lane.
- Two-way left-turn lane (center, yellow-bordered)
- A shared center lane used only for left turns, from either direction.
- White triangles (shark teeth) across your lane
- A yield line — you must yield and be prepared to stop for cross traffic or pedestrians.
- Green bike box at an intersection
- Gives bicyclists a place to wait ahead of stopped cars at a red light.
- Faded sign you cannot read
- Judge it by its shape and color — a yellow diamond, for example, still warns of conditions ahead.
- Black-and-white speed sign vs. yellow advisory speed
- The black-and-white sign sets the legal limit; the yellow sign advises a safe speed for a curve.
- Lane-use arrow (curving and straight) painted in a lane
- Drivers in that lane may turn or go straight as the arrows show.
- Regulatory sign
- Tells drivers what they must or must not do (e.g., speed limit, one way, do not enter).
- Warning sign background color
- Yellow — it warns of conditions or hazards ahead.
- 'Do Not Enter' / 'Wrong Way' signs
- You are about to drive against traffic — do not proceed; turn around.
- Round (circular) sign
- Warns of a railroad crossing ahead.
- 'No Turn on Red' sign
- Overrides the default right turn on red — you may not turn while the light is red.
- Yellow line on the left edge of a one-way or divided road
- Marks the left edge of the roadway.
- New Jersey default speed where none is posted
- 50 mph on most roadways.
- New Jersey speed in a school zone, business, or residential district
- 25 mph unless otherwise posted.
- When 65 mph applies in New Jersey
- Only on certain state highways and interstates where 65 mph is specifically posted.
- When 55 mph applies in New Jersey
- On certain state highways where it is posted.
- Basic speed law
- Always drive at a speed that is reasonable and safe for conditions, even when below the posted limit.
- Four-way stop — who goes first
- The first vehicle to come to a complete stop proceeds first.
- Four-way stop — two vehicles stop at the same time
- The driver on the left yields to the driver on the right.
- Turning left at an intersection — who yields
- The turning driver yields to oncoming traffic going straight and to pedestrians.
- Uncontrolled intersection (no signs) right-of-way
- Yield to the vehicle on your right; the vehicle on the left must yield to you.
- Yield sign — what it means
- Give the right-of-way to traffic and pedestrians in or approaching the road you are entering.
- Merging at a yield sign with a safe gap
- Merge smoothly without stopping when a safe gap exists.
- Right-of-way — the core rule
- Right-of-way is something you give, not take. When in doubt, yield.
- Roundabout — who yields
- Yield to pedestrians and to traffic already circulating before you enter.
- Roundabout — direction of travel
- Travel counter-clockwise (to the right) and signal before your exit.
- Emergency vehicle inside a roundabout approaches
- Continue to your exit, then pull over and stop beyond the roundabout.
- Two oncoming drivers both turning left
- Each turns to the left of the other, passing driver-side to driver-side.
- New Jersey keep-right law
- Drive in the right-hand lane and use the left lane only to pass slower traffic, then return to the right.
- Right turn on red in New Jersey
- Allowed after a complete stop unless a 'No Turn on Red' sign is posted, and after yielding to pedestrians and cross traffic.
- Pedestrian in a marked crosswalk
- Stop and stay stopped for the pedestrian.
- Pedestrian crossing slowly as your light turns
- Wait and yield until the pedestrian has safely completed the crossing.
- Vehicle in the next lane stops for no clear reason
- Slow and be ready to stop — it may be yielding to a pedestrian you cannot see.
- HOV / carpool lane outside posted restricted hours
- A single driver may use it outside the restricted hours but not during them.
- Leaving a separated HOV lane
- Exit only where the lane line becomes broken or at a designated opening.
- School-zone limit 'when children are present'
- Obey the reduced limit when children are present; slow if there is any doubt.
- New Jersey GDL — first stage
- Special Learner Permit at 16, for a teen enrolled in an approved behind-the-wheel driver-education course.
- New Jersey GDL — Examination Permit age
- 17 (or 16 continuing from a learner course), after passing the knowledge test and vision screening.
- How long a New Jersey permit holder under 21 must practice
- A minimum of 6 months, accident- and offense-free, before the road test.
- How long a New Jersey Probationary License is held
- A minimum of 12 months before a full Basic License.
- Kyleigh's Law decal
- A red reflectorized decal GDL drivers under 21 must show on the upper-left of the front and rear plates.
- Fine for failing to display the GDL red decal
- $100.
- New Jersey GDL nighttime curfew
- No driving between 11:01 p.m. and 5:00 a.m. (with limited exceptions).
- New Jersey GDL passenger limit
- Only one passenger, plus dependents, unless a parent or guardian is present.
- Phone use for New Jersey GDL drivers
- No phone at all — both handheld and hands-free devices are prohibited.
- When New Jersey GDL restrictions end
- At age 21.
- New Jersey agency name
- The Motor Vehicle Commission (MVC) — New Jersey calls it the MVC, not the DMV.
- Basic Driver License (New Jersey)
- The standard, unrestricted operator license issued after completing the GDL program.
- Green-arrow protected left turn
- Oncoming traffic is being held by a red signal, so the turn is protected.
- Eye contact at a four-way stop
- Confirm what other drivers intend, because they may not follow the rules.
- Two vehicles facing each other, both going straight at a four-way stop
- Both may proceed straight at the same time because their paths do not conflict.
- Why entering drivers yield in a roundabout
- Keeping circulating traffic moving prevents backups and reduces conflicts.
- Speed strategy at an uncontrolled intersection
- Slow enough to stop if a vehicle or pedestrian suddenly appears.
- Pedestrian already crossing at an uncontrolled intersection
- Let the pedestrian finish crossing first, then sort out vehicle right-of-way.
- Yield to emergency vehicle with lights and siren
- Pull to the right edge of the road and stop until it passes.
- Turning driver and a crossing pedestrian
- Yield to the pedestrian and complete the turn only after they have safely crossed.
- Signal before changing lanes or turning
- Always signal early so other drivers and pedestrians can anticipate your move.
- Left lane on a multi-lane highway
- Intended for passing — do not cruise in it and block faster traffic.
- T-intersection right-of-way
- Traffic on the road that ends yields to traffic on the through road.
- Driveway or alley entering a road
- Yield to traffic already on the road and to pedestrians on the sidewalk.
- Stopping behind another vehicle at a light
- Leave enough room to see the rear tires of the vehicle ahead touching the pavement.
- One-way street left turn on red
- Some states allow it from a one-way onto a one-way; in New Jersey follow posted signs and yield first.
- New Jersey adult legal BAC limit
- 0.08% or higher is illegal for a driver age 21 or older.
- New Jersey commercial-driver BAC limit
- 0.04% for a driver operating a commercial motor vehicle (CDL).
- New Jersey under-21 zero-tolerance BAC
- 0.01% — essentially any measurable alcohol is a violation.
- What 'DWI' stands for in New Jersey
- Driving While Intoxicated — New Jersey's term for impaired driving.
- New Jersey higher-penalty DWI tier
- A BAC of 0.10% or higher carries higher fines, longer interlock, and possible jail than the standard tier.
- Ignition interlock device
- A breath-test device wired to the ignition; New Jersey requires one after a DWI conviction.
- Implied consent (New Jersey)
- By driving, you agree to a breath test if lawfully arrested for DWI; refusing carries its own penalty.
- Under-21 zero-tolerance penalty
- A 30-to-90-day loss of driving privileges, community service, and an Intoxicated Driver Resource Center program.
- New Jersey handheld phone law — offense type
- A primary offense — police can stop you for it alone.
- First-offense fine for handheld phone use in New Jersey
- At least $200.
- Allowed phone use for a fully licensed New Jersey adult
- Hands-free mode only; holding or supporting the phone is illegal.
- New Jersey front-seat seat-belt law
- A primary offense for the driver and front-seat passengers.
- New Jersey rear-seat adult seat-belt law
- A secondary offense — ticketed only if stopped for another violation.
- Three-second following rule
- Stay at least three seconds behind the vehicle ahead; increase it in poor conditions.
- How to time the three-second gap
- Pick a fixed marker the car ahead passes, then count one-thousand-one, one-thousand-two, one-thousand-three.
- Why use a time-based following gap
- It automatically adjusts the actual distance as your speed changes.
- Following distance in rain, fog, or snow
- Lengthen the gap well beyond the normal minimum to allow for longer stopping distances.
- Following a motorcycle
- Allow extra distance — a motorcycle can stop quickly or be upset by road hazards.
- New Jersey headlight rule
- Use headlights from a half hour after sunset to a half hour before sunrise, and whenever your wipers are in continuous use.
- Wipers-on, lights-on rule
- New Jersey requires headlights any time the windshield wipers run continuously because of rain, snow, or fog.
- Headlights in fog
- Use low beams — high beams reflect back off the fog and reduce your visibility.
- Dim high beams within how far of an oncoming car
- Within 500 feet of an oncoming vehicle (and 200 feet behind a vehicle ahead).
- Correcting a rear-wheel skid
- Ease off the gas (don't brake hard) and steer in the direction you want the front of the car to go.
- What causes many wet-road skids
- Excessive speed combined with abrupt steering and braking inputs.
- Why hydroplaning worsens at higher speed
- A faster tire has less time to push water aside, so it rides up onto the water.
- Which vehicle hydroplanes most easily
- One with worn, balding tires that have little tread.
- Checking blind spots
- Mirrors leave a blind spot to the side and slightly behind — turn your head before changing lanes or merging.
- Visual search while driving
- Scan well down the road, check mirrors every few seconds, and keep an escape path.
- Why mirror-only checks aren't enough
- A whole vehicle can hide in a blind spot mirrors don't cover, so you must also turn your head.
- Safest choice on the New Jersey test
- The most cautious, lowest-risk option is almost always correct.
- New Jersey point — reckless driving
- 5 points.
- New Jersey point — tailgating (following too closely)
- 5 points.
- New Jersey point — improper passing
- 4 points.
- New Jersey point — most common moving violations
- About 2 points.
- New Jersey 6-point threshold
- 6 or more points in 3 years triggers an annual insurance surcharge.
- New Jersey surcharge amount
- 150ayear,plus25 for each point above six, paid for 3 years.
- New Jersey 12-point threshold
- 12 or more points on your current record leads to a license suspension.
- Removing points with a clean year
- A full year with no violations or suspensions removes 3 points automatically.
- Removing points with a course
- An approved defensive-driving course removes 2 points (once every 5 years).
- There is no 'safe' number of drinks
- The only sure way not to be impaired is to not drink and drive.
- Effects of alcohol on driving
- It slows reaction time and impairs judgment, vision, and coordination.
- Drowsy driving
- Fatigue impairs driving like alcohol — pull over and rest rather than push on.
- Prescription and over-the-counter drugs
- Can impair driving; you can be charged with DWI for drugs, not just alcohol.
- Speed and stopping distance
- Stopping distance grows sharply as speed rises, so slow down to stay safe.
- Aggressive driving
- Tailgating, weaving, and speeding raise crash risk; stay calm and leave room.
- Two-second gap that should be three
- A two-second gap is too short — at least three seconds should pass before you reach the marker.
- Night driving
- Reduce speed, use low beams near other traffic, and watch for pedestrians and animals.
- Hydroplaning recovery
- Ease off the accelerator, hold the wheel steady, and avoid braking hard until the tires regrip.
- Seat-belt use overall
- Wear a properly adjusted lap and shoulder belt on every trip — it is the single best crash protection.
- Wet curve at high speed
- Slow before the curve; abrupt steering or braking on a slick curve can cause a skid.
- New Jersey Move Over Law
- Change into a lane not next to a stopped emergency or service vehicle with flashing lights if safe; if not, slow below the limit and be ready to stop.
- Move Over Law fine in New Jersey
- Not less than 100andnotmorethan500.
- Which vehicles the Move Over Law covers
- Police, fire, ambulance, tow trucks, and highway-maintenance vehicles showing flashing lights.
- Approaching emergency vehicle with lights and siren
- Pull to the right edge of the road and stop until it passes.
- Stopping distance from a school bus with red lights
- At least 25 feet away, in both directions on an undivided road.
- School bus on a divided highway
- Traffic moving the opposite way may proceed at no more than 10 mph past the bus.
- Is a painted center line a divider?
- No — on an undivided road both directions must stop for a school bus's red lights.
- School bus begins to slow with yellow lights
- Prepare to stop — it is about to halt and switch on its red lights.
- When to move after a school bus stop
- Remain stopped until the red lights stop flashing and children are safely off the road.
- Sharing the road with a bicyclist
- Treat the cyclist as a vehicle with the same rights and allow safe passing distance.
- Motorcyclist positioned in the lane
- Give the motorcyclist the full lane and follow at a safe distance rather than crowding.
- Motorcyclists in wet weather
- Slippery surfaces affect a two-wheeler more, so allow more room and avoid sudden moves near them.
- Large truck turning right
- It may swing left first; never try to squeeze up its right side.
- Truck blind spots (no-zones)
- Large trucks have big blind spots — if you can't see the driver's mirrors, they can't see you.
- Pedestrian right-of-way at a crosswalk
- Stop and stay stopped; never pass a vehicle stopped for a pedestrian.
- Work zone — when rules apply
- Reduced speeds and caution apply the whole time you are in the marked zone, whether or not workers are visible.
- Flagger in a work zone
- Obey the flagger and reduce speed — treat the directions as you would a traffic signal.
- Work-zone fines in New Jersey
- Traffic fines are often doubled in a construction or work zone.
- Livestock or animals in the road
- Stop or slow to a crawl, wait for the handler's direction, and proceed only when clear.
- Shared multi-use trail crossing
- Slow or stop and yield to trail users before proceeding across.
- Child under age 2 and under 30 pounds
- Rear-facing seat with a 5-point harness, in the rear seat.
- Child under age 4 and under 40 pounds
- Forward-facing child restraint with a 5-point harness, in the rear seat.
- When a child may use a regular seat belt in New Jersey
- When the child is over age 8 or over 57 inches tall.
- Where children covered by the restraint law must ride
- In the rear seat, where one is available.
- Booster-seat stage
- Used after the harnessed seat until the child is over age 8 or 57 inches tall.
- Stopped vehicle blocking your view of a crosswalk
- Slow and be ready to stop — a pedestrian you cannot see may be crossing.
- Passing a stopped school bus with red lights
- Illegal and a serious New Jersey violation carrying heavy points and fines.
- Sharing the road with pedestrians at night
- They are hard to see — slow down, use low beams near them, and scan the road edges.
- Disabled vehicle on the shoulder
- Move over or slow down, the same as for emergency vehicles, to protect anyone outside the car.
- Construction sign color
- Orange marks construction and maintenance work zones.
- Following an emergency vehicle
- Stay at least 300 feet back; never follow closely or 'draft' behind it.
- Funeral procession
- Yield and do not cut through; let the procession proceed together.
- Pulling over for an emergency vehicle on a one-way street
- Pull to the nearest curb and stop until it passes.
- Bicyclist signaling a turn
- Treat hand signals like a vehicle's turn signals and give the rider room.
- Pedestrian with a white cane or guide dog
- Always yield — the pedestrian may be blind or visually impaired.
- Sharing a roundabout with a large truck
- Give it room — a truck may need more than one lane to navigate the circle.
- Slow-moving vehicle emblem (orange triangle)
- Marks a vehicle traveling 25 mph or less — slow down and pass with care.
- Snowplow on the road
- Stay well back; do not pass a working plow — the road ahead of it is often worse.
- Reduced visibility in heavy rain or snow
- Slow down, turn on low-beam headlights, and increase your following distance.
- Flooded roadway
- Turn around — do not drive through standing water of unknown depth.
- Ice on bridges and overpasses
- They freeze first; slow down and avoid sudden steering or braking.
- Animal suddenly in the road
- Brake firmly and stay in your lane rather than swerving into oncoming traffic.
- Pedestrian in a school crossing with a guard
- Stop and obey the crossing guard's directions.
- Cyclist riding on the right edge
- Pass only with safe clearance, and never crowd the rider toward the curb.
- Stopping for pedestrians at an unmarked intersection
- Pedestrians may have the right-of-way even without painted lines — yield to them.
- Emergency vehicle behind you in heavy traffic
- Move right as soon as it is safe and let it pass; do not run red lights to clear the way.
- Tow truck with amber lights stopped on the shoulder
- Covered by the Move Over Law — move over or slow down.
- Children playing near the road
- Slow down and be ready to stop; a child may dart into the street.
- Sharing the road with a moped or scooter
- Treat it like a motorcycle — give a full lane and extra following distance.
- When unsure whether to stop for a school bus
- If you are unsure, stop — it is safer and the law favors protecting children.