GED Science Domain 1: Life Science Welcome to your GED Science Domain 1: Life Science 1. GED Science: Life Science Which of the following best describes the role of ribosomes in cellular function? A. Synthesis of lipids and detoxification of substances. B. Packaging of proteins for secretion or use within the cell. C. Conversion of glucose into usable energy in the form of ATP. D. Synthesis of proteins based on the information in messenger RNA. None 2. GED Science: Life Science In the context of genetic variation, which mechanism is responsible for the new combinations of genetic material seen in sexually reproducing organisms? A. Mutation B. Genetic drift C. Meiosis and fertilization D. Natural selection None 3. GED Science: Life Science Which of the following best explains the significance of the phospholipid bilayer in cell membranes? A. It facilitates the diffusion of gases and small hydrophobic molecules. B. It provides structural support for the cell, preventing it from bursting. C. It acts solely as a barrier to protect the cell from its external environment. D. It actively transports all types of molecules into and out of the cell without energy. None 4. GED Science: Life Science In plants, which of the following structures is primarily responsible for water and nutrient absorption from the soil? A. Stomata B. Xylem C. Phloem D. Root hairs None 5. GED Science: Life Science Which process describes the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration? A. Osmosis B. Diffusion C. Active transport D. Endocytosis None 6. GED Science: Life Science What is the primary function of chlorophyll in photosynthesis? A. It captures light energy and converts it into chemical energy. B. It splits water molecules to release oxygen. C. It synthesizes glucose from carbon dioxide and water. D. It transports glucose to different parts of the plant. None 7. GED Science: Life Science Which of the following best describes the principle of competitive exclusion in ecology? A. Two species competing for the same resources cannot coexist if other ecological factors are constant. B. Predator and prey populations fluctuate in response to each other, maintaining ecological balance. C. Symbiotic relationships between species are essential for ecosystem stability. D. Biodiversity increases the resilience of an ecosystem to environmental changes. None 8. GED Science: Life Science In the carbon cycle, what role do decomposers play? A. They convert atmospheric carbon dioxide into organic carbon. B. They release carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere by breaking down dead organisms and waste products. C. They fix atmospheric carbon dioxide into soil, making it available for plant use. D. They store carbon for long periods in their biomass, reducing atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. None 9. GED Science: Life Science Which of the following best defines a keystone species in an ecosystem? A. A species that is the most abundant in an ecosystem. B. A species that has an exceptionally large biomass in the ecosystem. C. A species whose presence and role within an ecosystem have a disproportionate effect on other organisms within the system. D. A species introduced from another ecosystem that disrupts the native species. None 10. GED Science: Life Science What is the primary mechanism by which antibiotic resistance spreads among bacterial populations? A. Genetic drift B. Conjugation C. Natural selection D. Genetic mutation None 11. GED Science: Life Science What is the significance of the Hardy-Weinberg principle in the study of population genetics? A. It describes how mutation rates affect evolutionary change within populations. B. It provides a model that describes how populations evolve over time. C. It outlines the conditions under which a population's allele frequencies will remain constant. D. It explains the role of genetic drift in small populations. None 12. GED Science: Life Science What is the primary function of the mitochondria in eukaryotic cells? A. Synthesis of proteins. B. Photosynthesis. C. Cellular respiration and energy production. D. Storage of genetic material. None 13. GED Science: Life Science In the theory of evolution, what mechanism explains the increased prevalence of a heritable trait in a population over time? A. Genetic drift. B. Gene flow. C. Natural selection. D. Bottleneck effect. None 14. GED Science: Life Science Which of the following best describes the role of enzymes in biochemical reactions? A. They decrease the reaction rate by acting as competitive inhibitors. B. They increase the reaction rate by lowering the activation energy. C. They act as substrates for chemical reactions. D. They permanently change shape after a reaction. None 15. GED Science: Life Science In an ecosystem, what term describes the maximum population size of a species that the environment can sustain indefinitely? A. Carrying capacity. B. Ecological footprint. C. Biodiversity index. D. Population equilibrium. None 16. GED Science: Life Science Which cellular process results in the production of two genetically identical daughter cells from a single parent cell? A. Meiosis. B. Fertilization. C. Mitosis. D. Binary fission. None 17. GED Science: Life Science In genetics, what is the term used to describe an organism that has two different alleles for a particular trait? A. Homozygous. B. Heterozygous. C. Hemizygous. D. Homologous. None 18. GED Science: Life Science Which of the following molecules is primarily responsible for carrying oxygen in the blood of most vertebrates? A. Hemoglobin. B. Chlorophyll. C. Glucose. D. Insulin. None 19. GED Science: Life Science In the Linnaean system of classification, which rank directly follows "Order" in the hierarchy? A. Family. B. Genus. C. Species. D. Class. None 20. GED Science: Life Science What is the primary role of the stomata in plant leaves? A. Absorption of nutrients from the soil. B. Capturing light energy for photosynthesis. C. Exchange of gases (CO2 in, O2 out) and transpiration. D. Storage of starch. None 21. GED Science: Life Science Which type of biomolecule is primarily involved in speeding up (catalyzing) chemical reactions in biological organisms? A. Nucleic acids. B. Carbohydrates. C. Lipids. D. Proteins. None 22. GED Science: Life Science What process do plants use to convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into a form that can be absorbed and used for growth? A. Photosynthesis. B. Nitrogen fixation. C. Respiration. D. Transpiration. None 23. GED Science: Life Science Which cellular structure is responsible for modifying, sorting, and packaging proteins and lipids for secretion or use within the cell? A. Mitochondria B. Golgi apparatus C. Lysosome D. Nucleus None 24. GED Science: Life Science In the context of ecological relationships, what term describes an interaction where one organism benefits and the other is neither harmed nor benefited? A. Mutualism B. Commensalism C. Parasitism D. Amensalism None 25. GED Science: Life Science What is the primary function of the enzyme Rubisco in photosynthesis? A. Splitting water molecules to release oxygen B. Capturing light energy C. Carbon fixation in the Calvin cycle D. Synthesis of ATP None 26. GED Science: Life Science Which of the following is a characteristic feature of cancer cells that distinguishes them from normal cells? A. Ability to undergo apoptosis B. Limited number of cell divisions C. Lack of differentiation D. Smaller nucleus None 27. GED Science: Life Science What is the primary role of cytokines in the immune system? A. To physically capture and engulf pathogens B. To serve as antibodies that neutralize pathogens C. To act as signaling molecules that regulate immune responses D. To directly destroy infected cells and pathogens None 28. GED Science: Life Science Which type of cell junctions are primarily responsible for preventing the passage of materials between cells in epithelial tissue? A. Gap junctions B. Desmosomes C. Tight junctions D. Hemidesmosomes None 29. GED Science: Life Science In the nitrogen cycle, what process converts ammonia into nitrite and then into nitrate, making nitrogen available to plants? A. Ammonification B. Nitrification C. Denitrification D. Nitrogen fixation None 30. GED Science: Life Science What term is used to describe a region of an enzyme where the substrate binds and the reaction occurs? A. Active site B. Allosteric site C. Binding domain D. Catalytic core None 31. GED Science: Life Science In terms of population genetics, what does the term "gene pool" refer to? A. The total number of genes in a specific population at a given time B. The collection of different alleles in an isolated population C. The total set of genetic information in the gametes of all individuals in a population D. A repository of mutant genes within a species None 32. GED Science: Life Science What is the significance of the discovery of the structure of DNA by Watson and Crick? A. It proved that proteins are the genetic material. B. It led to the development of the first antibiotic. C. It provided the basis for understanding genetic inheritance and mutation. D. It established the role of mitochondria in energy production. None 33. GED Science: Life Science Which principle or law explains the conservation of energy in living systems, particularly how energy is transferred and transformed in biological processes? A. The Law of Segregation B. The First Law of Thermodynamics C. The Law of Independent Assortment D. The Law of Dominance None 34. GED Science: Life Science In an ecosystem, which term describes a long-term, stable community that has reached the end of succession? A. Pioneer community B. Climax community C. Secondary community D. Tertiary community None 35. GED Science: Life Science What type of natural selection results in the favoring of phenotypes at both extremes of the phenotypic range? A. Directional selection B. Stabilizing selection C. Disruptive selection D. Sexual selection None 36. GED Science: Life Science In molecular biology, what process involves the synthesis of a complementary strand of RNA from a DNA template? A. Translation B. Replication C. Transcription D. Reverse transcription None 37. GED Science: Life Science Which organelle is responsible for the breakdown of fatty acids and the detoxification of alcohol in cells? A. Lysosome B. Peroxisome C. Endoplasmic reticulum D. Golgi apparatus None 38. GED Science: Life Science In which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes align at the cell's equatorial plane, ready for separation? A. Prophase B. Metaphase C. Anaphase D. Telophase None 39. GED Science: Life Science What is the primary ecological role of detritivores in an ecosystem? A. To capture and store solar energy through photosynthesis B. To consume living plants and animals C. To break down dead organic material and recycle nutrients D. To regulate the population sizes of other species through predation None 40. GED Science: Life Science What is the primary role of the stomata in plant leaves? A. Absorption of nutrients from the soil. B. Capturing light energy for photosynthesis. C. Exchange of gases (CO2 in, O2 out) and transpiration. D. Storage of starch. None 1 out of 40 Time is Up! Time's up
