CEN Domain 4: Gastrointestinal, Genitourinary, Gynecology, and Obstetrical Emergencies

A 28-year-old female presents with sudden-onset right lower quadrant pain, nausea, and a positive pregnancy test. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Which of the following is the most appropriate first-line treatment for a patient diagnosed with testicular torsion?

A patient presents with acute onset of severe lower abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, and a history of missed menstrual periods. What is the most important diagnostic test to perform initially?

In pregnant patients, which of the following conditions is most likely to mimic the symptoms of acute appendicitis?

A patient presents with flank pain, hematuria, and nausea. The pain radiates to the groin. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Which of the following is the primary concern in the management of a patient with a ruptured ectopic pregnancy?

A patient presents with severe abdominal pain, rebound tenderness, and guarding. Which of the following diagnostic tests is most appropriate to evaluate for peritonitis?

In the management of ovarian torsion, which of the following is the most definitive treatment?

Which of the following is a critical consideration in the emergency management of placental abruption?

For a patient with acute urinary retention, which of the following is the initial management step?

In a patient presenting with pelvic inflammatory disease 'PID', which of the following symptoms most strongly suggests the presence of a tubo-ovarian abscess?

Which of the following is the most appropriate first-line treatment for a pregnant patient with symptomatic cholelithiasis?

A patient presents with severe, colicky right flank pain radiating to the groin, accompanied by microscopic hematuria. Which of the following imaging studies is most appropriate to confirm the diagnosis?

Which of the following findings on a pelvic exam is most indicative of a ruptured ovarian cyst in a patient presenting with acute onset lower abdominal pain?

In the setting of acute pyelonephritis, which of the following laboratory findings is most indicative of a complicated infection requiring admission?

A pregnant patient at 32 weeks gestation presents with sudden onset of severe abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, and uterine tenderness. The fetal heart rate tracing shows recurrent late decelerations. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Which of the following is the initial most appropriate management for a patient with a suspected ectopic pregnancy and hemodynamic instability?

A patient presents with fever, lower abdominal pain, and a tender, palpable mass on the right side of the pelvis. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?

Which of the following is the most significant risk factor for ectopic pregnancy?

In a patient with acute renal colic due to urolithiasis, which of the following medications is most effective for pain management?